Med-Fit Tech Assistant

Human Anatomy - Learning Module #2

The Skeletal-Articular System

Part A
Part A: The Skeletal System

Learning Objectives: 
  • Name and locate the major bones of the human body.
​
​Head - The Skull 
  • Cranium – Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal, Sphenoid 
  • Face – Maxillary, Zygomatic, Mandible ​
Neck – Cervical Vertebrae (C1-C7) 
Trunk 
  • Upper Back – Thoracic Vertebrae (T1-T12) 
  • Lower Back & Abdomen – Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5) 
Chest – Sternum, Clavicle, Scapula, and Ribs (12 pairs) 
  • Costal cartilage attaches the anterior part of ribs 1-11 to the sternum 
  • Rib 12 is a “floating” (unattached ateriorly) 
  • The posterior part of each of the 12 ribs attach to a Thoracic Vertebra by an arthrodial joint (not synovial). These joints articulate upward with each inspiration and downward with each expiration. ​
Pelvis - The Pelvic Girdle 
  • Anterior - Pubis 
  • Lateral and Superior – Ilium (hip)
  • Inferior – Ischium
​Sacrum - 5 fused Sacral Vertebrae (posterior)​
Upper Limb 
  • Arm - Humerus 
  • Forearm - Ulna (medial) & Radius (lateral)
  • Wrist – Carpals (8) 
Hand 
  • Palm – Metacarpals (5) 
  • Fingers – Phalanges - proximal, middle, and distal (14)
​
Lower Limb 
  • Thigh - Femur 
  • Knee - Patella 
  • Leg  - Tibia (thick, medial) & Fibula (thin, lateral) 
  • Ankle - Tarsals (7)
Foot
  • Heel – Calcaneus (the largest tarsal bone) 
  • Sole – Metatarsals (5)
  • Toes - Phalanges - proximal, middle, and distal (14)​  ​
​Bones of the Upper & Lower Limbs
Module #2A: LAB
 In front of a full-length mirror, point to and name the major bones of your body by memory.
  • Head Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Maxillary, Zygomatic, Mandible 
  • Neck & Trunk Vertebral Column (Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar Vertebrae) Sternum, Clavicle, Scapula, Ribs 
  • Pelvis Sacrum, Ilium, Ischium, Pubis 
  • Upper Limb Humerus, Ulna, Radius, Carpals, Metacarpals, Phalanges 
  • Lower Limb Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsals, Calcaneus, Phalanges
​
Extra Credit: State the number of vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and fused sacral), and the number of carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges in each hand, and the number of tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges in each foot. ​